Students shall dedicate themselves to acquiring research based knowledge about the central motivational and social processes and constructs that have meaning for children and adults taking part in physical activity, exercise and sport. Students shall acquire psychological knowledge and insight pertaining to how sport and physical activity environments may help enhance motivation, motor skills and social development important for skill learning and sustained participation physical activity and sports.

Knowledge
The students has

• a general understanding of concepts of motivation and social psychological processes relevant for different groups with respect to age, gender and levels of physical activity and sport skills
• knowledge about how motivational concepts and processes of social development may be applied to enhance motivation, skill learning and social development through sport and physical activity
• a general understanding of the relationships between theories dealing with development of expertise and motivational approaches

Skills
The students has

• skills how to apply theories and models of motivation and social processes to design learning environments to optimize motivation and development
• know how to apply theories of expertise development to plan sound coaching practice for participants in sport and physical activity at different age and skill levels

Classes will go through the whole of the Autumn semester. The structure of the course will be a combination of formal lectures and discussion, some individual and group work that will be student driven, and presentation of projects.

Individual written assignments - Pass/fail.  In order to be permitted to do the final exam, students must fulfill the work requirements by passing 2 out of 3 assignments.

All assignments must be submitted via WISEflow, and will be run through Urkund for plagiarism control.

Individual written exam - Graded  4 hours.

Recourses/materials which may be used in the exam: Dictionary

MAIN TEXTBOOK:    
Schacter, D. L., Gilbert, D. T., Wegner, B. M. & Hodd, B. (Eds.). (2016). Psychology: Second European edition. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
To read:
Chapter 1 (pp. 2-41), Psychology: The evolution of a science
Chapter 2 (pp. 42-85), The methods of psychology
Chapter 3 (pp. 100-112 and pp. 118-127) Neuroscience and behavior
Chapter 10 (pp. 390-426), Emotion and motivation
Chapter 11 (pp. 428-472), Cognitive development
Chapter 15 (pp. 590-625), Social groups
* You will find the book in the Library, here: ORIA


1 DIGITAL COMPENDIUM - through Canvas:
Toering, T. (Ed.). (2018). TCI250: Sport Psycology 1 - Motivational and learning in sport and physical activity: Fall 2018. (Digital compendium). Oslo: Norges idrettshøgskole.
** This PDF is available through Canvas.

The reference list for the Digital Compendium, in APA-style:
1. General psychology:
Kahneman, D. (2011). The characters of the story. In: D. Kahneman, Thinking fast and slow. (pp. 19-30). New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux.

Kahneman, D. (2011). Attention and effort. In: D. Kahneman, Thinking fast and slow. (pp. 31-38). New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux.

2. Sport psychology:
Lane, A. & Devonport, T. (2011). The nature of sport and exercise psychology. In: G. Davey (Ed.), Applied psychology. (pp. 529-546). Chichester: BPS Blackwell.

Weinberg, R. S. & Gould, D. (2015). Welcome to sport and exercise psychology. In: R. S. Weinberg & D. Gould, Foundations of sport and exercise psychology (6th ed.). (pp. 3-26). Champaign, Ill.: Human Kinetics.

3. Motivational theories in sport:
Duda, J. L.  & Treasure, D. C. (2015). Motivational processes and the facilitation of quality engagement in sport. In: J. Williams (Ed.), Applied sport psychology: Personal growth to peak performance (7th ed.). (pp. 59-80). New York: McGraw-Hill.

Weinberg, R. S. & Gould, D. (2015). Motivation. In: R. S. Weinberg & D. Gould, Foundations of sport and exercise psychology (6th ed.). (pp. 51-75). Champaign, Ill.: Human Kinetics.

4. Children and youth sport:
** Positive youth development:
Cox, R. H. (2012). Youth sports. In: R. H. Cox (Ed.), Sport psychology: Concepts and applications (7th ed.). (pp. 100-122). New York: MacGraw-Hill.

** The role of the coach:
Horn, T. S., Lox, C. L. & Labrador, F. (2015). The self-fulfilling prophecy theory: When coaches' expectations become reality. In: J. Williams (Ed.), Applied sport psychology: Personal growth to peak performance (7th ed.). (pp. 81-105). New York: McGraw-Hill.

** Expertise development:
Dweck, C. S. & Master, A. (2012). Self-theories motivate self-regulated learning. In: D. H. Schunk & B. J. Zimmerman (Eds.), Motivation and self-regulated learning: Theory, research, and applications. (pp. 31-51). New York: Routledge.

Harwood, C., & Johnston, J. (2016). Positive youth development and talent development: Is there a best of both worlds? In: N. L. Holt, Positive youth development through sport: Second edition. (pp. 113-125). New York: Routledge.

MacNamara, A. & Collins, D. (2012). Building talent development systems on mechanistic principles: Making them better at what makes them good. In: J. Baker, S. Cobley & J. Schorer, Talent identification and development in sport. (pp. 25-38). New York: Routledge.


8 ONLINE ARTCLES:

NB! To open electronic articles and books off campus, you must use the following VPN connection: Click here to download.

4. Children and youth sport:
** Positive youth development:
Bowers, M. T. & Green, B. C. (2013). Reconstructing the Community-Based Youth Sport Experience: How children derive meaning from unstructured and organized settings. Journal of Sport Management, 27(6), 422-438. doi: 10.1123/jsm.27.6.422
* This article is available online: Click here to download

Eime, R. M., Young, J., Harvey, J. T. & Charity, M. J. (2013). A systematic review of the psychological and social benefits of participation in sport for children and adolescents: Informing development of a conceptual model of health through sport. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 10, 98. doi: 10.1186/1479-5868-10-98.
* This article is available online: Click here to download

Jones, G. J., Edwards, M. B., Bocarro, J. N., Bunds, K. S. & Smith, J. W. (2017). An integrative review of sport-based youth development literature. Sport in Society, 20(1), 161-179. doi: 10.1080/17430437.2015.1124569.
* This article is available online: Click here to download

** The role of the coach:
Smith, N. Tessier, D., Tzioumakis, Y., Fabra, P, Quested, E., Appleton, P. ... Duda, J. L. (2016). The relationship between observed and perceived assessments of the coach-created motivational environment and links to athlete motivation. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 23, 51-63. doi:10.1016/j.psychsport.2015.11.001
* This article is available online: Click here to download

Vella, S, Oades, L. & Crowe, T. (2011). The role of the coach in facilitating positive youth development: Moving from theory to practice. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 23(1), 33-48. doi: 10.1080/10413200.2010.511423.
* This article is available online: Click here to download

** The role of parents:
Bhalla, J. A. & Weiss, M. R. (2013). A cross-cultural perspective of parental influence on female adolescents' achievement beliefs and behaviors in sport and school domains. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 81(4), 494-505. doi: 10.1080/02701367.2010.10599711
* This article is available online: Click here to download

Knight, C. J., Dorsch, T. E., Osai, K. V., Haderlie, K. L. & Sellers, P. A. (2016). Influences on parental involvement in sport. Sport, Exercise and Performance Psychology, 5(2), 161-178. doi: 10.1037/spy0000053
* This article is available online: Click here to download

** Expertise development:
Mischel, W., Ayduk, O., Berman, M. G., Casey, B. J., Gotlib, I. H., Jonides, J. ... Shoda, Y. (2011). 'Willpower' over the life span: Decomposing self-regulation. Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience, 6(2), 252-256. doi: 10.1093/scan/nsq081.
* This article is available online: Click here to download.